Validation of the Spanish Acute Cystitis Symptoms Score (ACSS) in native Spanish-speaking women of Europe and Latin America.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS) is a patient self-reporting questionnaire for clinical diagnostics and patient-reported outcome (PRO), which may assess the symptoms and the effect on the quality of life in women with acute cystitis (AC). The current study aimed to create a validated Spanish version of the ACSS questionnaire. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The process of linguistic validation of the Spanish version of the ACSS consisted of the independent forward and backward translations, revision and reconciliation, and cognitive assessment. Clinical evaluation of the study version of the ACSS was carried out in clinics in Spain and Latin America. Statistical tests included the calculation of Cronbach's α, split-half reliability, specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic odds ratio, positive and negative likelihood ratio, and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: The study was performed on 132 patients [age (mean;SD) 45.0;17.8 years] with AC and 55 controls (44.5;12.2 years). Cronbach's α of the ACSS was 0.86, and the split-half reliability was 0.82. The summary scores of the ACSS domains were significantly higher in patients than in controls, 16.0 and 2.0 (p < 0.001), respectively. The predefined cut-off point of ≥6 for a summary score of the "Typical" domain resulted in a specificity of 83.6% and a sensitivity of 99.2% for the Spanish version of the ACSS. AUC was 0.91 [0.85; 0.97]. CONCLUSIONS: The validated Spanish ACSS questionnaire evaluates the symptoms and clinical outcomes of patients with AC. It can be used as a patient's self-diagnosis of AC, as a PRO measure tool, and help to rule out other pathologies in patients with voiding syndrome.

Análisis bibliométrico de la incontinencia urinaria masculina. Una mirada de los últimos 20 años / Bibliometric Analysis of Urinary Incontinence. An Overview of the Last 20 Years

Introducción y Objetivo En las últimas décadas, la incidencia y prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria han venido en aumento. Existen numerosas publicaciones sobre este tema, se han introducido nuevos dispositivos, y se hanmodificado las líneas demanejo de esta patología. El objetivo de este estudio es realizar un análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones sobre incontinencia urinaria masculina en las revistas indexadas. Métodos Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo de corte retrospectivo de la literatura médica disponible en la base de datos Web of Science (WOS) en relación con incontinencia urinaria masculina entre 2002 y 2020. Por medio de la WOS, se obtuvieron las variables a analizar, y se elaboraron tablas y gráficas en el programa Microsoft Office Excel 2017. Resultados Encontramos un total de 498 publicaciones en 88 revistas. Hubo un crecimiento exponencial de las publicaciones a partir de 2006. Las 3 revistas conmayor porcentaje de publicaciones fueron: J Urol, con 25,2% (125), Neurol Urodyn, con 16,5% (82), European Urology Journal, con 11,1% (55); sólo 5 de las 20 revistas con más publicaciones tuvieron un factor de impacto 3. El país que tuvomayor porcentaje fue Estados Unidos con 21,2% (105), seguido por países europeos. En América Latina, el país con mayor número de publicaciones fue Brasil, con 2,6% (13). No se encontraron estudios colombianos con esta búsqueda específica. Conclusión Este es el primer estudio bibliométrico sobre incontinencia urinaria masculina. Con el tiempo, han aumentado las publicaciones acerca de este tema, y la mayoría está concentrada en revistas de Estados Unidos y Europa. No es predominante la publicación en revistas de alto factor de impacto, y es muy baja la cantidad de publicaciones que aporta Colombia y los demás países latinoamericanos.

Introduction In the last decades, the incidence and prevalence of urinary incontinence have been increasing. There are many publications about this subject, there are new devices, and the treatment of this condition has changed with time. The objective of the present study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the publications about male urinary incontinence in the indexed journals. Methods We performed a retrospective descriptive bibliometric analysis of the medical literature available on the Web of Science (WOS) database about male urinary incontinence between 2002 and 2020. Through the WOS database, the variables to be analyzed were obtained, and tables and graphs were created using the Microsoft Office Excel 2017. Results We found 498 publications in 88 journals. Since 2006, there has been an exponential growth in publications. The 3 journals with the highest percentage of publications were: J Urol, with 25.1% (125), Neurol Urodyn, with 16.5% (82), European Urology Journal, with 11.4% (57); only 5 of the 20 journals with the highest number of publications had an impact factor ≥ 3. The country with the highest percentage of publications was the United States with 21,2% (105), followed by European countries. In Latin America, the country with the highest number of publications was Brazil, with 2,6% (13). No Colombian studies were found with this specific research. Conclusion The present is the first bibliometric analysis on male urinary incontinence. Over time, publications on this topic have increased, and most of them are concentrated in journals from the United States and Europe. The publication in journals with a high impact factor is not predominant, and the number of publications from Colombia and other Latin American countries is very low.

Infección Urinaria en Pacientes con Lesión Medular / Urinary Infection in Patients with Spinal Cord Lesion

La micción es un proceso complejo, que requiere la coordinación entre el sistema nervioso central y periférico. La alteración en ése, aumenta el riesgo para que se produzcan infecciones complicadas y a largo plazo, daño renal. La alteración en el vaciado de la vejiga, obliga a que muchos de esos pacientes, realicen cateterismos intermitentes o sonda vesical permanente, aumentando el riesgo de infecciones polimicrobianas o por gérmenes multiresistentes. Algunos factores implicados en el desarrollo de las infecciones de esos pacientes, son el residuo postmiccional elevado, estasis urinario, litiasis vesical, uso de catéteres, además de las alteraciones en el sistema inmune y las capas de recubrimiento en la mucosa vesical. El diagnóstico de infección se realiza al encontrar: piuria y bacteriuria, según método de vaciado vesical, y un síntoma general que sugiera infección. Conclusión: Las infecciones urinarias en pacientes con lesión medular, deben ser tratadas de acuerdo a sensibilidades de la zona, siempre con la toma previa de un urocultivo y con un diagnóstico adecuado de infección urinaria, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes maniobras de evacuación de la vejiga. No están recomendados los tratamientos cortos ni el tratamiento de las bacteriurias asintomáticas. Una de las formas de prevenir las infecciones, está en evitar situaciones de riesgo como el estasis vesical, las presiones intravesicales elevadas y los vaciamientos incompletos. En la actualidad existen múltiples medicamentos para prevenir las infecciones urinarias, pero faltan estudios con evidencia de más peso y en pacientes con lesión medular, para que puedan ser recomendados.

Urination is a complex process, requiring coordination between the central and peripheral nervous system. The alteration in this, increases the risk for complicated infections and long-term kidney damage. The alteration in the emptying of the bladder, causes many of these patients to perform intermittent catheterization or permanent bladder catheterization, increasing the risk of polymicrobial infections or multiresistant germs. Some factors involved in the development of infections of these patients are high postvoiding, urinary stasis, vesical lithiasis, use of catheters, as well as alterations in the immune system and the layers of lining in the bladder mucosa. The diagnosis of infection is made on finding: pyuria and bacteriuria, according to the method of bladder emptying, and a general symptom that suggests infection. Conclusion: Urinary tract infections in patients with spinal cord injury should be treated according to the sensitivity of the area, always with prior urine collection and an adequate diagnosis of urinary tract infection, taking into account the different maneuvers of bladder evacuation. Short treatments and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria are not recommended. One way to prevent infections is to avoid risky situations such as bladder stasis, elevated intravesical pressures and incomplete emptying. At the moment there are multiple drugs to prevent urinary tract infections, but there are no studies with evidence of heaviest weight and in patients with spinal cord injury, so that they can be recommended.